Pancreas A gland that makes enzymes that help the body break down and use nutrients in food. Very-low calorie diet: A person following a VLCD eats or drinks a commercially prepared formula that has 800 calories or less instead of eating food. Nutrition The process of the body using food to sustain life. Bariatric surgery Surgery on the stomach and/or intestines to help the patient with extreme obesity lose weight. Bariatric surgery is a weight-loss method used for people who have a body mass index BMI above 40. Hydrogenation A chemical way to turn liquid fat oil into solid fat. This process creates a new fat called trans fatty acids. Gestational diabetes A type of diabetes mellitus that can occur when a woman is pregnant. Energy expenditure The amount of energy measured in calories that a person uses. Calories are used by people to breath circulate blood digest food and be physically active. Cholesterol A fat-like substance that is made by the body and is found naturally in animal foods such as meat fish poultry eggs and dairy products. Calorie A unit of energy in food. Foods have carbohydrates proteins and fats. Fat A major source of energy in the diet. All food fats have 9 calories per gram.